Kwezobuchwepheshe, izinto ezithile ezisunguliwe ziye zadlala indima ebalulekile ekushintsheni umhlaba njengoba siwazi. Enye into enjalo esunguliwe kwakuyi-magnetron, ingxenye ebalulekile kuma-oven e-microwave. Indlela esebenza ngayo i-magnetron ifanele ukuhlolwa njengoba yembula izindlela ezingemuva kwale divayisi entsha.
Uma kukhulunywa ngama-magnetron, izisekelo zijikeleza ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwamasimu kagesi namagnetic. Lokhu kuxhumana ngaphakathi kwepayipi le-vacuum kuphumela ekukhiqizweni kwamagagasi kagesi asebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sama-microwave. Lawa ma-oven e-microwave avumela i-microwave ukuthi yenze umsebenzi wayo wokupheka kalula.
I-magnetron yakhiwe yizingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile, ngayinye esebenzela injongo ehlukile ekusebenzeni kwayo konke. Enkabeni yayo kukhona i-cathode, i-filament ekhipha ama-electron uma ishiswa. Lawa ma-electron abe esedonswa yi-anode, isilinda sensimbi enkabeni ye-magnetron. Njengoba ama-electron esondela ku-anode, ahlangana nensimu yamagnetic yangaphandle ekhiqizwa oma-magnets azungeze i-anode.
Yile nsimu yamagnetic edlala indima ebalulekile endleleni i-magnetron esebenza ngayo. Ngenxa yamandla e-Lorentz, i-electron ehambayo izwa amandla aqonde ngqo endleleni yayo yokunyakaza kanye nemigqa yamandla yamagnetic. La mandla ahambisa ama-electron endleleni egobile, ejikeleza i-anode.
Manje, yilapho umlingo uvela khona ngempela. Isimo esiyindilinga se-anode sinomgodi noma i-resonator esebenza njengegumbi elingenalutho. Njengoba ama-electron ehambahamba e-anode, adlula kula ma-resonator. Kungaphakathi kwala magodi lapho ama-electron ekhipha khona amandla ngesimo samagagasi kagesi.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwensimu yamagnetic kanye ne-resonator kuvumela ama-electron ukuthi akhiphe amandla ngendlela ehambisanayo, okudala ama-microwave asebenza imvamisa ephezulu. Lawa ma-microwave abe eseqondiswa nge-antenna ephumayo aye emgodini wokupheka we-oven ye-microwave.
Indlela i-magnetron esebenza ngayo ishintshe indlela esipheka futhi sifudumeza ngayo ukudla. Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokulethwa kwama-microwave ngempumelelo kwenza kube lula ukupheka ngokushesha, ngisho nangokwengeziwe, into eyayingakaze icatshangwe ngaphambili. Namuhla, ama-microwave oven ayithuluzi elivamile lasekhaya ngenxa yomklamo omuhle kakhulu we-magnetron.
Ezindabeni zakamuva, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-magnetron ivuse injabulo emphakathini wesayensi. Abacwaningi bahlola izindlela zokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla kwe-magnetron. Lokhu kungathuthukisa amakhono ama-oven e-microwave kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo ezifana ne-radar kanye nezokuxhumana.
Sekukonke, kuyamangalisa ukuthi i-magnetron isebenza kanjani, ikhombisa amandla amangalisayo okuthola ulwazi lwesayensi. Ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamasimu kagesi namagnetic, ama-magnetron avula indlela yokupheka okulula nokuphumelelayo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, singabona kusengaphambili ukuthi kuzoba nokusetshenziswa okuhle kakhulu kobuchwepheshe be-magnetron maduze nje.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-18-2023