Kwezobuchwepheshe, izinto ezisunguliwe zidlale indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni umhlaba ngendlela esiwazi ngayo. Enye yezinto eziqanjiwe ezinjalo kwakuyi-magnetron, ingxenye ebalulekile kuhhavini we-microwave. Indlela i-magnetron esebenza ngayo kufanele ihlolwe njengoba iveza izindlela ezingemuva kwalesi sisetshenziswa soguquko.
Uma kuziwa kuma-magnetrons, okuyisisekelo kuzungeza ukuxhumana phakathi kwamasimu kagesi namagnetic. Lokhu kusebenzisana ngaphakathi kweshubhu ye-vacuum kubangela ukukhiqizwa kwamagagasi kagesi aphezulu, ikakhulukazi ngendlela yama-microwave. Lawa mahhavini ama-microwave avumela i-microwave ukuthi yenze umsebenzi wayo wokupheka kalula.
I-magnetron yakhiwe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile, ngayinye esebenza inhloso eyingqayizivele endleleni yokusebenza iyonke. Enkabeni yawo kune-cathode, umcu okhipha ama-electron lapho kushisa. Lawa ma-electron abe esekhangwa i-anode, isilinda sensimbi esimaphakathi ne-magnetron. Njengoba ama-electron esondela ku-anode, ahlangana nenkundla kazibuthe yangaphandle ekhiqizwe ngozibuthe abazungeze i-anode.
Yile nsimu kazibuthe edlala indima ebalulekile endleleni i-magnetron esebenza ngayo. Ngenxa yamandla e-Lorentz, i-electron enyakazayo izwa amandla ahambisana nesiqondiso sokunyakaza kanye nemigqa yamagnetic field. La mandla anyakazisa ama-electron endleleni egobile, ezungeza i-anode.
Manje, kulapho umlingo wenzeka khona ngempela. Umumo we-cylindrical we-anode unomgodi noma i-resonator esebenza njengegumbi elingenalutho. Njengoba ama-electron ezungeza i-anode, adlula kulawa ma-resonators. Kuphakathi kwale migodi lapho ama-electron akhulula amandla ngendlela yamaza kagesi.
Inhlanganisela yendima kazibuthe kanye ne-resonator ivumela ama-electron ukuthi akhulule amandla ngendlela evumelanisiwe, enze ama-microwave anemvamisa ephezulu. Lawa ma-microwave abe eseqondiswa nge-antenna ephumayo endaweni yokupheka kuhhavini we-microwave.
Indlela i-magnetron esebenza ngayo iguqule indlela esipheka ngayo nesishisisa ngayo ukudla. Ukukhiqizwa okuphumelelayo nokulethwa kwama-microwave kwenza kusheshe, ngisho nokupheka, umsebenzi owawungacatshangwa ngaphambilini. Namuhla, ama-oven microwave ayinto evamile yasendlini ngenxa yomklamo omuhle kakhulu we-magnetron.
Ezindabeni zakamuva, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe be-magnetron ibangele isasasa emphakathini wesayensi. Abacwaningi bahlola izindlela zokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye namandla okukhipha ama-magnetron. Lokhu kungathuthukisa amandla ohhavini be-microwave kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza kwezinye izindawo ezifana ne-radar nezokuxhumana.
Sekukonke, iyamangalisa indlela i-magnetron esebenza ngayo, ekhombisa amandla amangalisayo okutholwa kwesayensi. Ngokuxhaphaza ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinkundla zikagesi nezikazibuthe, ama-magnetron avula indlela yokupheka okulula nokuphumelelayo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, singabona kusengaphambili ukuthi kuzoba khona ukusetshenziswa okuhle kakhulu kobuchwepheshe be-magnetron esikhathini esizayo esiseduze.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-18-2023