Mune tekinoroji, zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakaita basa rakakosha mukushandura nyika sezvatinoiziva. Chimwe chekugadzirwa kwakadaro kwaiva magnetron, chinhu chinokosha muovheni microwave. Mashandisiro anoita magnetron anofanirwa kuongororwa sezvo anoratidza maitiro ari kumashure kweichi chimurenga chishandiso.
Kana zvasvika kune magineti, izvo zvakakosha zvinotenderera nekudyidzana pakati pemagetsi uye magineti minda. Kudyidzana uku mukati mechubhu yevacuum kunoguma nekugadzirwa kwemafungu emagetsi emagetsi epamusoro-soro, kunyanya muchimiro chemicrowaves. Aya ma microwave oveni anobvumira microwave kuita basa rayo rekubika zviri nyore.
Iyo magnetron inoumbwa neakati wandei makiyi ezvikamu, chimwe nechimwe chinoshanda chakasiyana chinangwa mune yakazara kushanda maitiro. Pakati payo pane cathode, filament inobudisa maerekitironi kana ichipisa. Maerekitironi aya anobva akwezvwa kune anode, silinda yesimbi iri pakati pemagineti. Sezvo maerekitironi anosvika kune anode, anosangana nekunze kwemagineti inogadzirwa nemagineti akatenderedza anode.
Ndiyo magineti iyi inoita basa rakakosha pamashandiro anoita magnetron. Nekuda kwesimba reLorentz, erekitironi inofamba inosangana nefosi perpendicular kune kwayo mafambiro uye kune mitsara yemagineti. Simba iri rinofambisa maerekitironi nenzira yakakombama, richitenderera neanode.
Zvino, apa ndipo panoitika mashiripiti chaizvo. Chimiro checylindrical cheanode chine mhango kana resonator inoshanda sekamuri isina mhango. Sezvo maerekitironi achifamba achitenderera anode, anopfuura nepakati pemaresonators aya. Iri mukati memakomba aya umo maerekitironi anoburitsa simba muchimiro chemagetsi emagetsi.
Iko kusanganiswa kwemagineti uye resonator inobvumira maerekitironi kuburitsa simba nenzira yakawiriraniswa, ichigadzira high-frequency microwaves. Aya ma microwave anozotungamirwa kuburikidza neinobuda antenna mugomba rekubikira revheni rewa microwave.
Mashandiro anoita magnetron akachinja mabikirwo atinoita nekupisa chikafu. Kugadzirwa kwakanaka uye kuendesa kwema microwave kunogonesa kukurumidza, kunyangwe kubika, chinhu chaimbova chisingafungidzirwe. Nhasi, maovheni ewa microwave chinhu chakajairika chemumba nekuda kweiyo yakanakisa dhizaini yemagnetron.
Munhau dzichangoburwa, kufambira mberi mune tekinoroji yemagnetron kwaunza mufaro munharaunda yesainzi. Vatsvagiri vari kutsvaga nzira dzekuwedzera kugona uye kuburitsa simba remagineti. Izvi zvinogona kukwidziridza kugona kwemaovheni emicrowave pamwe nekushandisa kune dzimwe nzvimbo senge radar uye kufonera.
Zvese mune zvese, zvinoshamisa kuti magineti inoshanda sei, ichiratidza simba rinoshamisa rekuwanikwa kwesainzi. Nekushandisa kudyidzana pakati pemagetsi uye magineti minda, magineti anovhura nzira yekubika zviri nyore uye zvine hunyanzvi. Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, tinogona kufanoona kuti kuchave nekumwe kwakanakisa mashandisirwo eiyo magnetron tekinoroji munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-18-2023