ihame ryakazi rya magnetron

Mubuhanga, ibintu bimwe na bimwe byavumbuwe byagize uruhare runini muguhindura isi nkuko tubizi. Kimwe muri ibyo byavumbuwe ni magnetron, ikintu cyingenzi mu ziko rya microwave. Uburyo magnetron ikora birakwiye gushishoza kuko byerekana uburyo bwihishe inyuma yiki gikoresho cyimpinduramatwara.

Iyo bigeze kuri magnetron, ibyingenzi bizenguruka imikoranire hagati yumuriro wamashanyarazi na magneti. Iyi mikoranire iri mu cyuho cya vacuum itera kubyara amashanyarazi menshi yumurongo wa electromagnetic, cyane cyane muburyo bwa microwave. Amashyiga ya microwave yemerera microwave gukora imirimo yayo yo guteka byoroshye.

Magnetron igizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi, buri kimwe gikora intego yihariye muburyo rusange bwo gukora. Hagati yacyo ni cathode, filime isohora electron iyo zishyushye. Izi electron noneho zikururwa na anode, silinderi yicyuma hagati ya magnetron. Mugihe electron zegera anode, zihura na magnetiki yo hanze ikorwa na magnesi zikikije anode.

Uyu murima wa magneti niwo ugira uruhare runini muburyo magnetron ikora. Bitewe n'imbaraga za Lorentz, electron igenda ifite imbaraga perpendicular yerekeza ku cyerekezo cyayo no kumurongo wa magneti. Izi mbaraga zimura electron kumuhanda uhetamye, kuzenguruka kuri anode.

Noneho, aha niho ubumaji bubera. Imiterere ya silindrike ya anode ifite cavity cyangwa resonator ikora nkicyumba cyuzuye. Mugihe electron zigenda zizenguruka kuri anode, zinyura muri resonator. Muri ibyo byobo niho electron zirekura ingufu muburyo bwa electromagnetic waves.

Ihuriro ryumurima wa magneti na resonator ituma electron zirekura ingufu muburyo bumwe, bigakora microwave nyinshi. Iyi microwave noneho iyobowe binyuze muri antenne isohoka mumyanya yo guteka ya feri ya microwave.

Uburyo magnetron ikora byahinduye uburyo bwo guteka no gushyushya ibiryo. Igisekuru cyiza no gutanga microwave ituma byihuse, ndetse no guteka, ibikorwa bitatekerezwa. Uyu munsi, amashyiga ya microwave nibikoresho bisanzwe murugo dukesha igishushanyo cyiza cya magnetron.

Mu makuru ya vuba aha, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga rya magnetron ryateje umunezero mu bumenyi. Abashakashatsi barimo gushakisha uburyo bwo kongera imikorere nimbaraga za magnetron. Ibi birashobora kuzamura ubushobozi bwitanura rya microwave kimwe nibisabwa mubindi bice nka radar n'itumanaho.

Muri rusange, biratangaje uburyo magnetron ikora, yerekana imbaraga zidasanzwe zo kuvumbura siyanse. Mugukoresha imikoranire hagati yumuriro wamashanyarazi na magnetiki, magnetrons itanga inzira yo guteka byoroshye kandi neza. Hamwe nogukomeza gutera imbere kwikoranabuhanga, turashobora kubona ko hazakoreshwa byinshi byiza bya tekinoroji ya magnetron mugihe cya vuba.