ʻO ka ʻenehana uhi ʻana i nā pūnaewele solar Calcitonite

I ka makahiki 2009, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai nā pūnaewele ʻili lahilahi calcite e ʻike ʻia, ʻo ka pono o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 3.8% wale nō, a ua piʻi koke loa, Unit 2018, ua ʻoi aku ka pono o ka hale hana ma mua o 23%. ʻO ke ʻano molekala kumu o kahi hui chalcogenide ʻo ABX3, a ʻo ke kūlana A he ion metala maʻamau, e like me Cs+ a i ʻole Rb+, a i ʻole kahi hui hana organik. E like me (CH3NH3;), [CH (NH2)2]+; ʻO ke kūlana B he mau cations divalent maʻamau, e like me Pb2+ a me Sn2+ ions; ʻO ke kūlana X he mau anions halogen maʻamau, e like me Br-, I-, Cl-. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā hui, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka bandwidth i pāpā ʻia o nā hui chalcogenide ma waena o 1.2 a me 3.1 eV. ʻO ka hoʻololi photovoltaic kiʻekiʻe o nā cell chalcogenide ma nā nalu pōkole, i kau ʻia ma luna o nā cell me ka hana hoʻololi koʻikoʻi ma nā nalu lōʻihi, e like me nā cell silicon crystalline heterogeneous, hiki ke loaʻa i ka pono hoʻololi photovoltaic ma mua o 30%, e uhaʻi ana i ka palena o ka pono hoʻololi theoretical o nā cell silicon crystalline o 29.4%. 2020, ua hoʻokō mua kēia pākahiko stacked i kahi pono hoʻololi o 29.15% ma ka Berlin Laboratory o Heimholtz, Kelemānia, a ua manaʻo ʻia ka chalcogenide-crystalline silicon Stacked cell ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻenehana pākahiko nui o ka hanauna e hiki mai ana.

Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide ma o kahi ʻano hana ʻelua-ʻanuʻu: ʻo ka mua, ua waiho ʻia nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni porous Pbl2, a me CsBr ma luna o ka ʻili o nā cell heterojunction me nā ʻili fluffy ma o ka co-evaporation, a laila uhi ʻia me kahi hopena organohalide (FAI, FABr) ma o ka spin-coating. Hoʻokomo ka hopena halide organik i loko o nā pores o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni inorganic i waiho ʻia i ka mahu a laila hana a crystallizes ma 150 degere Celsius e hana i kahi papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide i loaʻa pēlā he 400-500 nm, a ua hoʻopili ʻia ma ke ʻano moʻo me ke cell heterojunction ma lalo e hoʻonui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o kēia manawa. ʻO nā papa lawe electron ma ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide ʻo LiF a me C60, i loaʻa ma ke ʻano ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka mahu wela, a ukali ʻia e ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka papa atomika o kahi papa buffer, Sn02, a me ka magnetron sputtering o TCO ma ke ʻano he electrode mua maopopo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hilinaʻi o kēia cell i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua o ke cell papa hoʻokahi chalcogenide, akā pono e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kūpaʻa o ka ʻili chalcogenide ma lalo o nā mana o ke kaiapuni o ka mahu wai, ka mālamalama, a me ka wela.