ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻopaʻa ʻana i loko o nā Kelepona Solar Calcitonite

I ka makahiki 2009, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka calcite thin-film cell i ka hoʻololi ʻana he 3.8% wale nō, a ua hoʻonui koke ʻia, Unit 2018, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hale hana ma mua o 23%. ʻO ABX3 ke ʻano mole mole kumu o kahi pūhui chalcogenide, a ʻo ke kūlana A maʻamau he ion metala, e like me Cs+ a i ʻole Rb+, a i ʻole he hui hana olaola. E like me (CH3NH3;), [CH (NH2)2]+; ʻO ke kūlana B ka mea maʻamau nā cations divalent, e like me nā ion Pb2+ a me Sn2+; ʻO ke kūlana X ka mea maʻamau i nā anion halogen, e like me Br-, I-, Cl-. Ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā pūhui, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka bandwidth pāpā ʻia o nā pūhui chalcogenide ma waena o 1.2 a me 3.1 eV. ʻO ka hoʻololi photovoltaic kiʻekiʻe o nā pūnaewele chalcogenide i nā hawewe pōkole, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o nā cell me ka hana hoʻololi koʻikoʻi ma nā lōʻihi lōʻihi, e like me heterogeneous crystalline silicon cell, hiki ke loaʻa i ka hoʻololi photovoltaic hoʻololi ʻoi aku ma mua o 30%, e wāwahi ana i ka palena o ka theoretical hoʻololi pono o ka crystalline silicon cell 29.4%. 2020, ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia pākaukau i hoʻololi ʻia he 29.15% ma ka Berlin Laboratory o Heimholtz, Kelemānia, a ʻo ka chalcogenide-crystalline silicon Stacked cell i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻenehana pākaukau nui o ka hanauna e hiki mai ana.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka papa kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide ma ke ʻano he ʻelua ʻanuʻu: ʻo ka mua, ua waiho ʻia nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni porous Pbl2, a me CsBr ma luna o ka ʻili o nā keena heterojunction me nā ʻili fluffy e ka co-evaporation, a laila uhi ʻia me kahi solution organohalide (FAI, FABr) e ka spin-coating. Hoʻokomo ka solution halide organik i loko o nā pores o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni inorganic i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mahu a laila hana a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma 150 degere Celsius e hana i kahi papa kiʻi chalcogenide. ʻO 400-500 nm ka mānoanoa o ke kiʻi chalcogenide i loaʻa, a ua hoʻopili pū ʻia me ka cell heterojunction lalo e hoʻopaʻa pono i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i kēia manawa. ʻO nā papa lawe electron ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide ʻo LiF a me C60, loaʻa ma ka sequentially e ka thermal vapor deposition, a ukali ʻia e ka waiho ʻana o ka papa atomic o kahi papa pale, Sn02, a me ka magnetron sputtering o TCO ma ke ʻano he electrode mua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hilinaʻi o kēia cell i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma mua o ka chalcogenide single-layer cell, akā pono e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kūpaʻa o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni chalcogenide ma lalo o nā hopena kaiapuni o ka mahu wai, māmā, a me ka wela.