Tekinoroji yekubvisa zvinhu zvisina kuchena yave ichichinja zvinhu zvikuru pakugadzira zvinhu uye sainzi yezvinhu. Maindasitiri akawanda ari kushandisa nzira iyi itsva yekuvandudza mashandiro uye kugara kwenguva refu kwezvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Kubva pamagetsi kusvika pakuona, kubvisa zvinhu zvisina kuchena kuri kuchinja nzira yatinogadzira nekuvandudza zvinhu. Mublog rino, tichaongorora kuoma kwehunyanzvi hwekubvisa zvinhu zvisina kuchena uye kuongorora kukanganisa kwazvinoita pamaindasitiri akasiyana.
Tisati tapinda munyaya iyi, ngatinzwisisei zvinoreva tekinoroji yekubvisa mapurasitiki ne vacuum. Kubvisa mapurasitiki ne vacuum inzira ye physical vapor deposition (PVD) inoshandiswa kuisa mafirimu matete pa substrates. Inosanganisira kuisa ma ions ane simba mu vacuum chamber panzvimbo inobviswa mapurasitiki ne vacuum material. Maitiro aya anobvisa maatomu kubva pachinhu chinobviswa mapurasitiki, ayo anobva abatana ne substrate, ogadzira firimu rakatetepa. Mafirimu anobuda ane hunhu hwakasiyana hwakadai sekudzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, kunamira kwakanaka uye kujeka kwemaziso.
Indasitiri yemagetsi ndeimwe yeindasitiri dzinobatsirwa zvakanyanya netekinoroji yekubvisa magiya emagetsi. Kudiwa kwemidziyo yemagetsi midiki, inokurumidza uye inoshanda zviri nani kuri kuramba kuchikura, uye kubvisa magiya emagetsi kunoita basa guru mukuzadzisa zvinodiwa izvi. Inogona kugadzira mafirimu matete kwazvo ekufambisa magiya emagetsi akabatanidzwa, maerekitironi anoonekera ekubata magirazi, uye machira ekudzivirira ezvikamu zvemagetsi, zvichivandudza kufambiswa kwemagetsi uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.
Imwe nzvimbo inonyanya kufarirwa netekinoroji yekubvisa magirazi matema ndeye optics. Makambani e optics ne photonics anovimba nemafirimu matete ane hunhu hwakakodzera kuti awedzere kushanda kwema optics systems. Kubvisa magirazi matema kunogona kuisa ma coatings anodzivirira kupenya kwechiedza anowedzera kupenya kwechiedza uye kuderedza kupenya kwema lenzi nema displays. Pamusoro pezvo, nzira iyi inogonesa kugadzirwa kwe reflective coatings yemagirazi, beam splitters uye optical filters anoshandiswa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvesainzi nemaindasitiri.
Tekinoroji yekubvisa mapurasitiki emagetsi (vacuum sputtering) haingogumiri pamagetsi nemagetsi chete, asiwo ine mashandisirwo muindasitiri yemotokari. Mapurasitiki matete anoiswa nekubvisa mapurasitiki emagetsi (vacuum sputtering) anovandudza kugara kwenguva refu uye runako rwezvikamu zvemotokari. Semuenzaniso, mapurasitiki ekushongedza ari pamavhiri anovandudza chitarisiko chawo, nepo mafirimu ekudzivirira ari pazvikamu zveinjini achidzivirira kupera. Nekubvisa mapurasitiki emagetsi, vagadziri vemotokari vanogona kuita basa uye maitiro ezvigadzirwa zvavo.
Zvino zvatave kuongorora kukosha kwetekinoroji yekubvisa tsvina yemuchina wevacuum mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, ngatitarisei dzimwe nhau dzichangoburwa mumunda uyu. Chimwe chinhu chinonakidza ndechekubudirira mukushanda kwekushandisa vacuum sputtering. Vatsvaguriri vepaYunivhesiti yeXYZ vakawana nzira itsva yekuwedzera kushanda kweionization, zvichikonzera kukurumidza kuisa mafuta uye kunaka kwemafirimu kuri nani. Kufambira mberi uku kunogona kuchinja kushandiswa kwevacuum sputtering mumaindasitiri, zvichiita kuti ive inodhura zvishoma uye iwanikwe kune akawanda mashandisirwo.
Mukupedzisa, tekinoroji yekubvisa mapurasitiki akawandisa inoramba ichisundira miganhu yekuvandudza zvinhu zvitsva mukugadzira nesainzi yezvinhu. Kukwanisa kwayo kuisa mafirimu matete emhando yepamusoro ane hunhu hwakasiyana kwakachinja maindasitiri akadai semagetsi, optics nemotokari. Sezvo tekinoroji yekubvisa mapurasitiki akawandisa ichiramba ichifambira mberi, tinogona kutarisira kuvandudzwa kukuru mukushanda kwechigadzirwa, hupenyu hwese, uye kushanda zvakanaka. Rambai makagadzirira zvimwe zviri kuitika mundima iyi inonakidza, sezvo tekinoroji yekubvisa mapurasitiki akawandisa ichizosimudzira indasitiri iyi mune ramangwana rakajeka uye rakafambira mberi.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-09-2023