Izinzuzo zamaphampu okusabalalisa: Ukukhombisa Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu
Amaphampu okusabalalisa afakazele ukuthi angenye yezinketho ezinokwethenjelwa nezisebenza kahle emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe be-vacuum. Isimiso sokusebenza kwala maphampu silula kodwa siyasebenza, siwanika izinzuzo eziningi ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwebhulogi, sizocubungula izinzuzo zamaphampu okusabalalisa futhi sichaze amakhono awo amangalisayo.
Okokuqala, njengengxenye ebalulekile yezimboni eziningi, amaphampu okusabalalisa anikeza ukusebenza okukhethekile nokwethembeka, okuwenza abe yinketho edumile yonjiniyela nochwepheshe. Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zala maphampu yikhono lawo lokufinyelela amazinga aphezulu e-vacuum. Ngokuhlanganisa ubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezimiso zesayensi, amaphampu okusabalalisa ayakwazi ukudala indawo ene-concentration ephansi kakhulu yama-molecule egesi, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu kwe-vacuum. Lokhu kubenza balungele izindawo lapho ukuhlanzeka okuphelele kubalulekile.
Emuva kokuqukethwe kuwebhu, enye inzuzo ebalulekile yamaphampu okusabalalisa amandla awo okuphatha umthamo omkhulu wegesi. Lawa maphampu aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukukhipha amagesi anhlobonhlobo ngendlela efanele, okuwenza abaluleke kakhulu ezinqubweni lapho kutholwa khona igesi ephezulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusefekthrini yezimboni, ukwenziwa kwe-semiconductor, noma amalabhorethri ocwaningo, amaphampu okusabalalisa ahamba phambili ekuphatheni imithwalo emikhulu yomusi, alethe ukusebenza okungaphazamiseki kanye nokwandisa umkhiqizo.
Ukwengeza, amaphampu okusabalalisa anezidingo zokulungisa eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe be-vacuum. Ngenxa yomklamo wawo olula nokho oqinile, lawa maphampu aziwa ngokuqina kwawo nokuphila isikhathi eside. Ukungabikho kwezingxenye ezihambayo kunciphisa amandla okuguga, kunciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa njalo noma ukushintshwa. Lokhu akugcini nje kusindisa isikhathi esibalulekile, kodwa futhi kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenza, okwenza amaphampu we-diffusion abe yisixazululo esingabizi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphampu okusabalalisa ayaziwa ngesivinini sawo sokumpompa ngokushesha, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinga le-vacuum elidingekayo lifinyelelwa ngokushesha. Lawa maphampu asebenzisa indlela eyingqayizivele esebenzisa indiza yesitimu ukusunduza ama-molecule egesi ngaphandle kwesistimu. Le nqubo yokumpompa ngokushesha ibangela imijikelezo yokumpompa ngokushesha, ikhulise ukusebenza kahle okuphelele nokunciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza. Izimboni ezinomsebenzi ozwela isikhathi ezifana nokufakwa kwefilimu ezacile noma ukomiswa kwe-vacuum kuzuza kakhulu kusivinini sokumpompa samaphampu asakazwayo.
Ezindabeni zakamuva, izinzuzo zamaphampu okusabalalisa ziye zaqashelwa nakakhulu. Izimboni ezihlukahlukene ziye zabona igalelo elivelele lala maphampu, okwenza inqubekelaphambili kanye nempumelelo emikhakheni eminingi. Isibonelo, emkhakheni wokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe, amaphampu okusabalalisa adlala indima ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni amazinga adingekayo okuhlanzeka nokunemba. Abacwaningi basebenzise ngempumelelo amaphampu okusabalalisa ukuze bakhe izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-nanostructured, ngaleyo ndlela benze kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha.
Kafushane, izinzuzo zamaphampu okusabalalisa zihlanganisa ukusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu, umthamo wokuphatha igesi ephezulu, izidingo zokunakekelwa okuphansi kanye nesivinini sokumpompa ngokushesha. Lezi zici zenza amaphampu okusabalalisa abe yinketho ephakeme ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuqinisekisa izinqubo ze-vacuum ezisebenza kahle nezithembekile. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kanye nokusetshenziswa okwandayo, ikusasa lobuchwepheshe bephampu yokusabalalisa liyathembisa, lithembisa iminikelo eyengeziwe ekuqhubekeleni phambili kwesayensi nokuqanjwa kabusha kwezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-11-2023