Izinto zeNkqubo kunye neeNdlela zokuSebenza ezichaphazela umgangatho wezixhobo zefilimu ezibhityileyo (Icandelo 2)

3. Impembelelo yobushushu be-substrate

Ubushushu be-substrate yenye yeemeko ezibalulekileyo zokukhula kwenwebu. Inika isongezelelo samandla eyongezelelweyo kwi-athomu ye-membrane okanye i-athomu, kwaye ichaphazela kakhulu i-membrane isakhiwo, i-coefficient ye-agglutination, i-coefficient yokwandisa kunye nobuninzi be-aggregation. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-macroscopic kwi-film refractive index, ukusabalalisa, uxinzelelo, ukunamathela, ukuqina kunye nokungabikho kwe-insolubility kuya kuhluka kakhulu ngenxa yobushushu obuhlukeneyo be-substrate.

(1) I-substrate ebandayo: ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukukhupha ifilimu yesinyithi.

(2) Izinto ezilungileyo zobushushu obuphezulu:

① Iimolekyuli zerhasi ezishiyekileyo ezibhengezwe kumphezulu we-substrate ziyasuswa ukwandisa amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-substrate kunye ne-molecule ezigciniweyo;

(2) Ukukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwe-adsorption yomzimba kwi-chemisorption ye-film layer, ukuphucula intsebenziswano phakathi kwama-molecule, yenza ifilimu ibe nzima, ikhulise ukubambelela kunye nokuphucula amandla omatshini;

③ Nciphisa umahluko phakathi kobushushu be-molecular recrystallization kunye nobushushu be-substrate, phucula ukuxinana komgangatho wefilimu, ukwandisa ukuqina komgangatho wefilimu ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.

(3) Ukungalungi kobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu: ubume boluhlu lwefilimu lutshintsha okanye izinto zefilimu zibola.

4. Iziphumo ze-ion bombardment

I-Bombardment emva kwe-plating: ukuphucula ukuxinwa kwe-aggregation yefilimu, ukuphucula ukusabela kweekhemikhali, ukwandisa isalathisi se-refractive yefilimu ye-oxide, amandla omatshini kunye nokuchasana kunye nokubambelela. Umda womonakalo wokukhanya uyanda.
5. Impembelelo ye-substrate material

(1) I-coefficient yokwandiswa kwe-substrate eyahlukeneyo iya kukhokelela kuxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo lwe-thermal yefilimu;

(2) Ukudibanisa kweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo kuya kuchaphazela ukubambelela kunye nokuqina kwefilimu;

(3) Uburhabaxa kunye neziphene ze-substrate yimithombo ephambili yokusasazeka kwefilimu encinci.
6. Impembelelo yokucoca i-substrate

Ukushiyeka kokungcola kunye ne-detergent ebusweni be-substrate kuya kubangela: (1) ukubambelela kakubi kwefilimu kwi-substrate; ② Ukufunxa okusasazeka kuyanda, amandla okulwa ne-laser abi; ③ Ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okulambathayo.

Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali (iintlobo zokuhlambuluka kunye nokungcola), isimo somzimba (ipowder okanye ibhloko), kunye ne-pretreatment (i-vacuum sintering okanye i-forging) yezinto zefilimu ziya kuchaphazela isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwefilimu.

8. Impembelelo yendlela yokuphuma komphunga

Amandla e-kinetic okuqala anikezelwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhupha i-evaporation i-molecules kunye ne-athomu zihluke kakhulu, okubangela ukubahluko omkhulu kwisakhiwo sefilimu, ebonakaliswa njengomahluko kwi-index refractive, ukusabalalisa kunye nokubambelela.

9. Impembelelo yeAngle yeziganeko zomphunga

I-Angle yesiganeko somphunga ibhekisela kwi-Angle phakathi kolwalathiso lwemitha yemolekyuli yomphunga kunye nesiqhelo somphezulu we-substrate egqunyiweyo, echaphazela iimpawu zokukhula kunye nokuxinana kwefilimu, kwaye inempembelelo enkulu kwisalathiso se-refractive kunye neempawu zokuchithwa kwefilimu. Ukuze ufumane iifilimu ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kuyimfuneko ukulawula i-Angle yokukhutshwa komntu kwi-molecule ye-vapor yezinto zefilimu, ezimele zikhawulelwe kwi-30 °.

10. Iziphumo zonyango lokubhaka

Ukunyangwa kobushushu befilimu kwi-atmosphere kukulungele ukukhutshwa koxinzelelo kunye nokufuduka kwe-thermal ye-ambient gas molecules kunye ne-molecule yefilimu, kwaye inokwenza isakhiwo sokuhlanganiswa kwefilimu, ngoko kunempembelelo enkulu kwi-index refractive index, uxinzelelo kunye nobunzima befilimu.